Lesson 14

What is a possible volume for this cylinder if the diameter is 8 cm? Explain your reasoning.

 

The volume \(V\) of a cylinder with radius \(r\) is given by the formula \(V=\pi r^2h\).

1. The volume of this cylinder with radius 5 units is \(50\pi\) cubic units. This statement is true: \( 50\pi = 5^2 \pi h\)

   

   

   What does the height of this cylinder have to be? Explain how you know.

2. The volume of this cylinder with height 4 units is \(36\pi\) cubic units. This statement is true: \(36\pi = r^2 \pi 4\)

   

   

   What does the radius of this cylinder have to be? Explain how you know.

Each row of the table has information about a particular cylinder. Complete the table with the missing dimensions.

diameter (units)	radius (units)	area of the base (square units)	height (units)	volume (cubic units)
	3		5
12				\(108\pi\)
			11	\(99\pi\)
8				\(16\pi\)
			100	\(16\pi\)
	10			\(20\pi\)
20				314
			\(b\)	\(\pi \boldcdot b\boldcdot a^2\)

 

In an earlier lesson we learned that the volume, \(V\), of a cylinder with radius \(r\) and height \(h\) is

\(\displaystyle V=\pi r^2 h\)

We say that the volume depends on the radius and height, and if we know the radius and height, we can find the volume. It is also true that if we know the volume and one dimension (either radius or height), we can find the other dimension.

For example, imagine a cylinder that has a volume of \(500\pi\) cm³ and a radius of 5 cm, but the height is unknown. From the volume formula we know that

\(\displaystyle 500\pi=\pi \boldcdot 25 \boldcdot h\)

must be true. Looking at the structure of the equation, we can see that \(500 = 25h\). That means that the height has to be 20 cm, since \(500\div 25 = 20\).

Now imagine another cylinder that also has a volume of \(500\pi\) cm³ with an unknown radius and a height of 5 cm. Then we know that

\(\displaystyle 500\pi=\pi\boldcdot r^2\boldcdot 5\)

must be true. Looking at the structure of this equation, we can see that \(r^2 = 100\). So the radius must be 10 cm.