Lesson 8

The purpose of this Number Talk is to elicit strategies and understandings students have for dividing within 100. These understandings help students develop fluency and are helpful as students use division to solve problems involving perimeter.

• Display one expression.
• “Give me a signal when you have an answer and can explain how you got it.”
• 1 minute: quiet think time

• Record answers and strategy.
• Keep expressions and work displayed.
• Repeat with each expression.

• “How could knowing \(90 \div 9\) help you find the value of the other expressions?” (Once I knew \(90\div9\) I was able to take away a group of 9 to find \(81\div9\). I was able to find \(45\div9\) by splitting the value of \(90 \div 9\) because 45 is half of 90.)

The purpose of this activity is for students to practice finding the perimeter of shapes that have labeled side lengths. The synthesis focuses on methods students have for efficiently finding the perimeter of shapes with some or all side lengths having equal length. As students discuss and justify their decisions, they share a mathematical claim and the thinking behind it (MP3).

Monitor and select students who find the perimeter of the hexagon by:

• adding the individual side lengths around the shape
• adding the two 8–inch side lengths together and the four 4–inch side lengths together and then adding those sums together
• multiplying like side lengths, then adding, such as \(2 \times 8\) for the long sides and \(4 \times 4\) for the short sides and then adding those products together
• using symmetry to split the shape in half horizontally and adding \(4 + 8 + 4 = 16\) for the top half of the shape and then doubling that for the sides on the bottom half of the shape

• Groups of 2
• Display the image.
• “What do you notice? What do you wonder?” (Students may notice: One rectangle has numbers on the sides. One rectangle has tick marks on the sides. The rectangles are the same size. Students may wonder: Why are the sides of the rectangles marked differently? Could we find the distance around the rectangle with the numbers on the sides?)
• 1 minute: quiet think time
• 1 minute: partner discussion
• Share and record responses.

• “Work with your partner to find the perimeter of each shape.”
• 5–7 minutes: partner work time
• As students work, consider asking:
  • “How does having sides of the same length help us find the perimeter?”
  • “Can you multiply to find the perimeter?”

• Ask previously identified students to share their strategies for finding the perimeter of the hexagon. Arrange the presentations in the order listed in the activity narrative.
• Give students a chance to ask questions about each strategy as it is shared.
• “How does having sides of the same length help us find the perimeter?”
• Consider asking:
  • “Why does this strategy work with this shape?”
  • “Did anyone else find the perimeter of this shape in a different way?”
• “Was it easier to find the perimeter of some shapes in this activity than others? Why?” (Yes, some of the shapes had several sides that are the same length, so we could multiply. In a rectangle, we can add two sides and then double the result to find the whole perimeter.)

The purpose of this activity is for students to find the perimeter of shapes when some of the side lengths are not given. Students use their knowledge of shapes to reason about the length of the missing sides before they find the perimeter of the shape (MP7). 

This activity uses MLR7 Compare and Connect. Advances: representing, conversing

• Groups of 2
• Display the rectangle from the first problem.
• “Find the perimeter of this rectangle.“
• 1–2 minutes: independent work time
• “Discuss with your partner how you found the perimeter of this rectangle even though some of the side lengths were not labeled.” (Since the shape is a rectangle, we know opposite sides of a rectangle are the same length.)
• 1 minute: partner discussion
• Share and record responses.
• Give each group tools for creating a visual display.

• “Work with your partner to find the perimeter of the other two shapes. Be sure to record your reasoning to share with the class.”
• 6–8 minutes: partner work time
• Consider asking: “How did you know the length of that side?”

MLR7 Compare and Connect

• “Create a visual display that shows your thinking about the second problem. You may want to include details such as notes, diagrams, drawings, and so on, to help others understand your thinking.”
• 3–5 minutes: partner work time
• 5 minutes: gallery walk

• “We had to find a lot of missing side lengths in this shape before we could find the perimeter.”
• “As you visited the displays, what did you notice about how others found the missing side lengths?” (I noticed some groups counted the number of short sides and multiplied by 40. I noticed some put the short side lengths into smaller groups before finding their combined lengths.)
• Consider asking:
  • “Did anyone find the missing side lengths in a different way than you and your partner?”
  • “Did anyone find the perimeter in a different way than you and your partner?”