Lesson 5

Patterns with Even and Odd Numbers (optional)

Warm-up: How Many Do You See: Even or Odd (10 minutes)

Narrative

The purpose of this How Many Do You See is for students to use grouping strategies to describe the images they see. In the synthesis, students describe how they saw the dots and whether the groups of dots have an even or odd number of members. When recording responses, include equations with equal addends to help students make the connection to even numbers being written as the sum of two equal addends and odd numbers being written as 2 equal addends +1.

Launch

  • Groups of 2
  • “How many do you see? How do you see them?”
  • Flash image.
  • 30 seconds: quiet think time

Activity

  • Display image.
  • 1 minute: partner discussion
  • Record responses with equations.
  • Repeat for each image.

Student Facing

How many do you see? How do you see them?

Dot images. 2 images of 6 dots.

Dot images. 13 dots.

Dot image. 14 dots.

Student Response

Teachers with a valid work email address can click here to register or sign in for free access to Student Response.

Activity Synthesis

  • “Which images show even groups of dots?” (image 1 and image 3)
  • “How can you tell using the equations we recorded?”

Activity 1: Even and Odd Round-about (15 minutes)

Narrative

The purpose of this activity is for students to describe patterns in the sequence of even and odd numbers when they count by 1. Students notice that even numbers are numbers that you count when you skip-count by 2 (MP7).

In order for all students to visualize the sequence, perform the activity where the whole class can be arranged in a circle with space for students to sit and stand. Depending on class size, the count may go beyond 20. It is ok for students to notice and wonder about even and odd numbers beyond 20, but maintain the focus throughout the lesson on numbers within 20.

Launch

  • Form the class into a circle with all students standing.
  • “We are going to count together by 1. The first person to count will say 0 and stay standing.”
  • “The next person will say their number and sit down. The next person will say their number and stay standing.”
  • “We will keep counting until everyone has said a number.”
  • As needed, demonstrate the stand-sit-stand-sit sequence.
  • Record the count:
    Table with odd and even numbers.
  • Prompt students who are standing to say their numbers. (0, 2, 4, …)
  • Prompt students who are sitting to say their numbers. (1, 3, 5, …)

Activity

  • “Write down what you notice and what you wonder about the numbers in our count.”
  • 3 minutes: independent work time
  • 2 minutes: partner discussion
  • Monitor for students' responses that focus on even and odd number patterns to share in synthesis.

Student Facing

What did you notice? What do you wonder?

Student Response

Teachers with a valid work email address can click here to register or sign in for free access to Student Response.

Activity Synthesis

  • Share and record student responses.
  • Display:
    Table of odd and even numbers.
  • “This is a list of all the even and odd numbers from 0 to 20.”
  • “What patterns do you notice?” (All the even numbers are numbers you say when you skip-count by 2. The digits 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 repeat in the ones place for even numbers. The digits 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 repeat in the ones place in odd numbers.)
  • “How could you use these patterns to tell if a number of objects is even or odd?” (If the number is an even number you say it when you skip-count by 2.)

Activity 2: Presto Chango (20 minutes)

Narrative

The purpose of this activity is for students to make and test conjectures about the effect of adding 1 and adding 2 on the parity of a group of objects. They use what they know about equal groups, pairs, and skip-counting to explain why adding 1 may change whether a group of objects is even or odd and why adding 2 will have no effect (MP3, MP8).

MLR2 Collect and Display. Collect the language students use as they complete the table. Display words and phrases such as: “even,“ “odd,“ “pair,“ “one more,“ “two more,“ “pattern,“ “equal group,“ “left over,“ and “skip-count.“ During the synthesis, invite students to suggest ways to update the display: “What are some other words or phrases we should include?” Invite students to borrow language from the display as needed.
Advances: Conversing, Reading
Representation: Develop Language and Symbols, Represent the problem in multiple ways to support understanding of the situation. For example, place the counters on a 10-frame (up and down to show groups of 2 distinctly) and allow students to explain whether the number is even or odd and why.
Supports accessibility for: Organization, Conceptual Processing

Required Materials

Materials to Gather

Materials to Copy

  • Presto Chango Recording Sheet

Launch

  • Groups of 2
  • Give students recording sheets and access to counters.
  • Draw:

    Group of 5 dots.

  • “If we add 1 more circle to this group, will it change if the group has an even or odd number?” (Yes. It’s odd, so if you add 1 circle you’d make another pair and it’d be even.)
  • 30 seconds: quiet think time
  • Share responses.
  • “Does adding 1 always change whether a number of objects is even or odd?” (Yes. If you add 1 to an odd number, you’d always make a new pair, and the sum would be even. If it’s even, and you add 1, you’d have a leftover, so the sum would be odd. No. I think it works with some numbers, but maybe not all numbers.)
  • 30 seconds: quiet think time
  • 1 minute: partner discussion
  • Share and record responses.

Activity

  • “Let’s test our ideas. Complete the first two columns of the table. You can test other numbers if you have time.”
  • 4 minutes: independent work time
  • 2 minutes: partner discussion
  • “If we add 2 more to a group, will it change if the group has an even or odd number?” (No. For even, it’d be like counting by 2, the next number is even too. When we counted on 2 to odd, we made a list of odd numbers. Yes. I think if you add to a number, it’s going to change some numbers.)
  • 30 seconds: quiet think time
  • 1 minute: partner discussion
  • Share and record responses.
  • “Let’s test our thinking. Complete the table for the “add 2 counters” column. You can test other numbers if you have time.”
  • 4 minutes: independent work time
  • 2 minutes: partner discussion

Student Facing

  1. In the first column of your recording sheet, decide whether each student has an even or odd number of counters. Show your reasoning and circle your choice.

  2. Complete the gray column. Does adding 1 change whether the number of counters is even or odd? Explain.
  3. Complete the last column. Does adding 2 change whether the number of counters is even or odd? Explain.

Student Response

Teachers with a valid work email address can click here to register or sign in for free access to Student Response.

Activity Synthesis

  • Display student conjectures from launch.
  • “Let’s use Jada’s counters to show which of our ideas are true.”
  • Invite students to share how they filled in the row about Jada's counters. 
  • Display:
    • \(16 = 8 + 8\)

      \(17 = 8 + 8 + 1\)

      \(18 = 8 + 8 + 2\)

  • “How do these equations show that adding 1 changes whether a number is even or odd, but adding 2 does not?” (You can see 2 equal groups of 8 in each. 17 is odd because there is one left out. 18 is even because you have 2 equal groups and 1 pair. You could give each group 1 to make it \(18 = 9 + 9\).)

Lesson Synthesis

Lesson Synthesis

Display:

“Han has an odd number of objects.”

“Lin has 2 more than Han.”

“Does Lin have an odd or even number of objects? Explain.” (Lin has an odd number of objects. Since Han has an odd number, Lin has one pair more. There would be no extra objects to make a new pair. It’s like counting on by 2 with an odd number, the next number will be odd.)

Cool-down: Odd One Out (5 minutes)

Cool-Down

Teachers with a valid work email address can click here to register or sign in for free access to Cool-Downs.