Lesson 19

Más problemas sobre dinero

Warm-up: Conversación numérica: Usemos una decena para sumar hasta 100 (10 minutes)

Narrative

This Number Talk encourages students to think about decomposing and composing numbers leading to a ten in order to add numbers more easily. The first addend in each expression is 2 away from a ten, so students consider decomposing the second addend to make the numbers more friendly for mental calculations (MP7).

Launch

  • Display one expression.
  • “Hagan una señal cuando tengan una respuesta y puedan explicar cómo la obtuvieron” // “Give me a signal when you have an answer and can explain how you got it.”
  • 1 minute: quiet think time

Activity

  • Record answers and strategies.
  • Keep expressions and work displayed.
  • Repeat with each expression.

Student Facing

Encuentra mentalmente el valor de cada expresión.

  • \(18 + 32\)
  • \(28 + 32\)
  • \(28 + 34\)
  • \(38 + 35\)

Student Response

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Activity Synthesis

  • “¿Qué patrón observaron en estas expresiones?” // “What pattern did you notice with these expressions?”
  • “Al resolver mentalmente, ¿cómo les ayudó pensar en componer una decena?” // “How did thinking about composing a ten help you solve mentally?” (Each time the first number was only 2 away from a ten. Then it was a more friendly number.)

Activity 1: Vamos de compras con amigos (15 minutes)

Narrative

The purpose of this activity is for students to match story problems in the context of money to tape diagrams. Students make sense of stories and determine which diagram represents the situations. One pair of stories are one-step story problems while the other pair are two-step stories. The numbers in the stories are the same so students will have to focus on relationships between the quantities in the stories to math them to tapes (MP2). 

Students may choose and justify different matches than those given in the student responses (MP3). For example, diagram B could match Jada's story. Since this story is naturally interpreted as a comparison, it naturally matches diagram C. For the two-step problems as well, either could be represented by diagram A or diagram D.  For the basketball story, we know that the basketball costs \$39 less than the football and soccer ball while for the clothes we know that the pair of pants costs \$39 and want to know how much more the shirt and shoes cost. Diagram A matches the clothes story because the 39 is known but the difference is not known. Diagram D matches the basketball story because the difference 39 is known.

Representation: Internalize Comprehension. Synthesis: Invite students to identify which details were important in the word problem and what helped them determine whether to add or subtract to solve the problem. In the discussion, use the sentence frame, “Cuando yo resuelva un problema en palabras, le prestaré atención a la acción del problema para decidir si sumo o resto. La acción de este problema fue...” // “When I solve a word problem, I will pay attention to the action within the problem to determine whether to add or subtract. The action in this problem was...“
Supports accessibility for: Conceptual Processing, Language, Attention

Launch

  • Groups of 2
  • “Hoy van a resolver problemas-historia con cantidades de dinero que son más que 1 dólar” // “Today you will solve story problems with amounts of money that are more than 1 dollar.”
  • “A veces gastamos grandes cantidades de dólares cuando compramos cosas que necesitamos o cuando compramos regalos para otros en ocasiones especiales” // “Sometimes we spend large dollar amounts when shopping for items we need or to buy gifts for others on special occasions.”
  • “Compartan con un compañero una historia sobre una vez que hayan ido de compras” // “Share about a time you went shopping with a partner.”
  • 2 minutes: partner discussion

Activity

  • “Ahora van a examinar problemas-historia sobre compras. Cada historia está representada con un diagrama” // “Now you will look at story problems about shopping. Each story is represented with a diagram.”
  • “Empareja cada historia con un diagrama y escribe la letra al lado de la historia” // “Match each story to a diagram and write the letter next to the story.”
  • “Traten de emparejar individualmente y después comparen con su pareja” // “Try matching on your own, and then compare with your partner.”
  • “Expliquen cómo saben que cada diagrama corresponde a la historia” // “Explain how you know each diagram matches.”
  • 5 minutes: independent work time
  • 3 minutes: partner discussion

Student Facing

Escribe cada letra al lado del problema-historia que el diagrama representa.

A
BDiagram. One rectangle split into 2 parts. Total length, 68. First part, total length, 39. Other part, total length, question mark. 
CDiagram. Two rectangles of equal length. Top rectangle split into two parts. First parts, shaded, total length, 39. Second part has a dashed outline, total length, question mark. Bottom rectangle, total length, 68.  
D

  1. Un balón de baloncesto cuesta \$39 menos que un balón de fútbol y un balón de fútbol americano juntos.

    El balón de fútbol cuesta \$29 y el de fútbol americano cuesta \$68.

    ¿Cuántos dólares cuesta el balón de baloncesto? _____

  2. Jada ahorra para comprarle un regalo a su papá. El regalo cuesta \$68. Hasta ahora, tiene \$39.

    ¿Cuánto más necesita? _____

  3. Un par de pantalones cuesta \$39.

    Una camisa cuesta \$29 y un par de zapatos cuesta \$68.

    ¿Cuántos dólares más que los pantalones cuestan la camisa y los zapatos juntos? _____

  4. Diego tenía \$39. Su mamá le dio algo de dinero para su cumpleaños. Ahora tiene \$68.

    ¿Cuánto dinero recibió por su cumpleaños? _____

Student Response

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Advancing Student Thinking

If students mismatch stories and diagrams, consider asking:

  • “¿De qué se trata el problema-historia?” // “What is the story problem about?”
  • “¿Cómo representa el problema una suma o una resta?” // “How does the story problem represent addition or subtraction?”
  • “¿Cómo muestra el diagrama una suma o una resta?” // “How does the diagram show addition or subtraction?”

Activity Synthesis

  • “¿En qué se parecen y en qué son diferentes los diagramas?” // “How were the diagrams the same or different?” (
    • Every diagram has 39 and a 68 and some of them have a 29.
    • The numbers are in different places. 
    • Some of the diagrams look like they are comparing quantities while one of them puts two quantities together.)
  • “¿Cómo decidieron cuál diagrama iba con cada historia?” // “How did you decide which diagram went with each story?” (
    • In two of the stories there was something that cost \$29 and something that cost \$68 so I could look at tapes A and D and figure out how the stories match.
    • In some stories the larger amount had the prices of two things added together, so I looked for that in the diagrams.
    • The story about Diego I just need to find out how much Diego needed and that was the simplest tape.
    • For Jada's story, the diagram compares what she had to how much more she needed.)
  • Share and record responses.
  • As needed, invite students to share how some stories could be represented by more than one diagram by explaining how they match the quantities and the context.
  • “En la siguiente actividad, van a tener la oportunidad de resolver algunos de estos problemas-historia y otros más” // “In the next activity, you will have a chance to solve some of these story problems and a few others.”

Activity 2: Dinero entre amigos (20 minutes)

Narrative

The purpose of this activity is for students to solve two-step problems without the scaffold of having the first step explicitly stated. Students solve in a way that makes sense to them and might use diagrams to help them make sense of the story. In the synthesis, the tape diagram is highlighted.

MLR7 Compare and Connect. Synthesis: Invite group to prepare a visual display that shows the strategy they used to solve the story problems. Encourage students to include details that will help others interpret their thinking. For example, using labels, notes, diagrams, or drawings. Give students time to investigate each other’s work. During the whole-class discussion, ask students, “¿Qué tenían en común las representaciones?” // “What did the representations have in common?”, “¿En qué eran diferentes?” // “How were they different?” and “¿Alguien resolvió el problema de la misma forma, pero lo explicaría de otra manera?” // “Did anyone solve the problem the same way, but would explain it differently?”
Advances: Representing, Conversing

Launch

  • Groups of 2
  • “Con un compañero, escojan un problema de la primera actividad que quieran resolver. Discutan cómo el diagrama les puede ayudar a pensar en el problema” // “With a partner, choose a problem from the first activity to solve. Discuss how the diagram can help you think about the problem.”
  • 4 minutes: partner work time

Activity

  • “Ahora, individualmente, van a resolver algunos problemas sobre dinero” // “Now you will be solving a few money problems on your own.”
  • “Si les ayuda, usen un diagrama para darle sentido a la historia” // “Use a diagram if it helps you make sense of the story.”
  • 10 minutes: independent work time
  • Monitor for students who use a diagram to represent and solve the problem about Tyler, Andre, and Noah.

Student Facing

Muestra cómo pensaste en cada problema. Para escribir tu respuesta final, usa el \$. Si te ayuda, usa un diagrama.

  1. Mai tiene \$27, Elena tiene \$48 y Jada tiene \$16. ¿Cuánto dinero tienen en total?
  2. Tyler tiene \$45, Andre tiene \$36 y Noah tiene \$28. ¿Cuánto dinero menos tiene Tyler que Andre y Noah juntos?
  3. Lin tenía \$19. Juntos, Lin y Han tenían \$45. Después, Han recibió \$17 más. ¿Cuánto dinero tiene Han ahora?

Student Response

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Advancing Student Thinking

If students want to represent the story with a diagram or equation but need support to start, consider asking:

  • “¿De qué se trata la historia? ¿Cómo podrías partir el problema en partes más pequeñas?” // “What is the story about? How could you break the problem into smaller parts?”
  • “¿Cómo podrías usar un diagrama o una ecuación para representar las partes más pequeñas?” // “How could you use a diagram or equation to represent the smaller parts?”

Activity Synthesis

  • Invite previously identified students to share the diagram for comparing Tyler's money to Andre's and Noah's money.
  • “¿De qué manera este diagrama representa la historia?” // “How does this diagram represent the story?” (It shows Tyler's amount and then the combined amount of Andre and Noah. I can see that Tyler has less than Andre and Noah and that I need to add Andre's amount and Noah's amount and then subtract Tyler's amount from that.)

Lesson Synthesis

Lesson Synthesis

“Hoy resolvimos diferentes tipos de problemas-historia y usamos diagramas para ayudarnos a entenderlos” // “Today we solved all different types of story problems and used diagrams to help make sense of them.“

Display the image from the first activity.

Diagram.

“Cuéntenle a su pareja una historia sobre dinero que pueda ser representada por este diagrama” // “Tell your partner a story about money that this diagram could represent.” (_____ had \$39 and _____ had \$68. How much more money does _____ have than _____?)

Cool-down: El dinero de Mai (5 minutes)

Cool-Down

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Student Section Summary

Student Facing

En esta sección, aprendimos el valor de los quarters, dimes, nickels y pennies y cómo reconocer cada moneda. Usamos la suma y estrategias de conteo para encontrar el valor de grupos de monedas diferentes. Aprendimos que un dólar tiene el mismo valor que 100 centavos y combinamos monedas para formar $1. También resolvimos problemas-historia sobre dinero.

Coin poster. Front and back sides of quarter, dime, nickel, penny, dollar bill.